起qǐ旃zhān蒙méng单dān阏è,尽jìn强qiáng圉yǔ大dà荒huāng落luò,凡fán三sān年nián。
烈liè祖zǔ明míng皇huáng帝dì中zhōng之zhī下xià青qīng龙lóng三sān年nián(乙yǐ卯mǎo,公gōng元yuán二èr三sān五wǔ年nián)
春chūn,正zhēng月yuè,戊wù子zǐ,以yǐ大dà将jiàng军jūn司sī马mǎ懿yì为wèi太tài尉wèi。
丁dīng巳sì,皇huáng太tài后hòu郭guō氏shì殂cú。帝dì数shù问wèn甄zhēn后hòu死sǐ状zhuàng于yú太tài后hòu,由yóu是shì太tài后hòu以yǐ忧yōu殂cú。
汉hàn杨yáng仪yí既jì杀shā魏wèi延yán,自zì以yǐ为wéi有yǒu大dà功gōng,宜yí代dài诸zhū葛gě亮liàng秉bǐng政zhèng;而ér亮liàng平píng生shēng密mì指zhǐ,以yǐ仪yí狷juàn狭xiá,意yì在zài蒋jiǎng琬wǎn。仪yí至zhì成chéng都dū,拜bài中zhōng军jūn师shī,无wú所suǒ统tǒng领lǐng,从cóng容róng而ér已yǐ。初chū,仪yí事shì昭zhāo烈liè帝dì为wèi尚shàng书shū,琬wǎn时shí为wèi尚shàng书shū郎láng。后hòu虽suī俱jù为wèi丞chéng相xiàng参cān军jūn、长zhǎng史shǐ,仪yí每měi从cóng行xíng,当dāng其qí劳láo剧jù;自zì谓wèi年nián宦huàn先xiān琬wǎn,才cái能néng逾yú之zhī,于yú是shì怨yuàn愤fèn形xíng于yú声shēng色sè,叹tàn咤zhà之zhī音yīn发fā于yú五wǔ内nèi,时shí人rén畏wèi其qí言yán语yǔ不bù节jié,莫mò敢gǎn从cóng也yě。惟wéi后hòu军jūn师shī费fèi祎yī往wǎng慰wèi省shěng之zhī,仪yí对duì祎yī恨hèn望wàng,前qián后hòu云yún云yún。又yòu语yǔ祎yī曰yuē:“往wǎng者zhě丞chéng相xiàng亡wáng没méi之zhī际jì,吾wú若ruò举jǔ军jūn以yǐ就jiù魏wèi氏shì,处chǔ世shì宁níng当dāng落luò度dù如rú此cǐ邪xié!令lìng人rén追zhuī悔huǐ,不bù可kě复fù及jí!”祎yī密mì表biǎo其qí言yán。汉hàn主zhǔ废fèi仪yí为wèi民mín,徙xǐ汉hàn嘉jiā郡jùn。仪yí至zhì徙xǐ所suǒ,复fù上shàng书shū诽fěi谤bàng。,辞cí指zhǐ激jī切qiè。遂suì下xià郡jùn收shōu仪yí,仪yí自zì杀shā。
三sān月yuè,庚gēng寅yín,葬zàng文wén德dé皇huáng后hòu。
夏xià,四sì月yuè,汉hàn主zhǔ以yǐ蒋jiǎng琬wǎn为wèi大dà将jiàng军jūn、录lù尚shàng书shū事shì;费fèi祎yī代dài琬wǎn为wèi尚shàng书shū令lìng。帝dì好hǎo土tǔ功gōng,既jì作zuò许xǔ昌chāng宫gōng,又yòu治zhì洛luò阳yáng宫gōng,起qǐ昭zhāo阳yáng太tài极jí殿diàn,筑zhù总zǒng章zhāng观guān,高gāo十shí馀yú丈zhàng。力lì役yì不bù已yǐ,农nóng桑sāng失shī业yè。司sī空kōng陈chén群qún上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“昔xī禹yǔ承chéng唐táng、虞yú之zhī盛shèng,犹yóu卑bēi宫gōng室shì而ér恶è衣yī服fu。况kuàng今jīn丧sāng乱luàn之zhī后hòu,人rén民mín至zhì少shǎo,比bǐ汉hàn文wén、景jǐng之zhī时shí,不bú过guò一yí大dà郡jùn。加jiā以yǐ边biān境jìng有yǒu事shì,将jiàng士shì劳láo苦kǔ,若ruò有yǒu水shuǐ旱hàn之zhī患huàn,国guó家jiā之zhī深shēn忧yōu也yě。昔xī刘liú备bèi自zì成chéng都dū至zhì白bái水shuǐ,多duō作zuò传chuán舍shè,兴xīng费fèi人rén役yì,太tài祖zǔ知zhī其qí疲pí民mín也yě。今jīn中zhōng国guó劳láo力lì,亦yì吴wú、蜀shǔ之zhī所suǒ愿yuàn。此cǐ安ān危wēi之zhī机jī也yě,惟wéi陛bì下xià虑lǜ之zhī!”帝dì答dá曰yuē:“王wáng业yè、宫gōng室shì,亦yì宜yí并bìng立lì。灭miè贼zéi之zhī后hòu,但dàn当dāng罢bà守shǒu御yù耳ěr,岂qǐ可kě复fù兴xīng役yì邪xié!是shì固gù君jūn之zhī职zhí,萧xiāo何hé之zhī大dà略lüè也yě。”群qún曰yuē:“昔xī汉hàn祖zǔ惟wéi与yǔ项xiàng羽yǔ争zhēng天tiān下xià,羽yǔ已yǐ灭miè,宫gōng室shì烧shāo焚fén,是shì以yǐ萧xiāo何hé建jiàn武wǔ库kù、太tài仓cāng,皆jiē是shì要yào急jí,然rán高gāo祖zǔ犹yóu非fēi其qí壮zhuàng丽lì。今jīn二èr虏lǔ未wèi平píng,诚chéng不bù宜yí与yǔ古gǔ同tóng也yě。夫fū人rén之zhī所suǒ欲yù,莫mò不bù有yǒu辞cí,况kuàng乃nǎi天tiān王wáng,莫mò之zhī敢gǎn违wéi。前qián欲yù坏huài武wǔ库kù,谓wèi不bù可kě不bú坏huài也yě;后hòu欲yù置zhì之zhī,谓wèi不bù可kě不bú置zhì也yě。若ruò必bì作zuò之zhī,固gù非fēi臣chén下xià辞cí言yán所suǒ屈qū;若ruò少shǎo留liú神shén,卓zhuó然rán回huí意yì,亦yì非fēi臣chén下xià之zhī所suǒ及jí也yě。汉hàn明míng帝dì欲yù起qǐ德dé阳yáng殿diàn,钟zhōng离lí意yì谏jiàn,即jí用yòng其qí言yán,后hòu乃nǎi复fù作zuò之zhī;殿diàn成chéng,谓wèi群qún臣chén曰yuē:‘钟zhōng离lí尚shàng书shū在zài,不bù得dé成chéng此cǐ殿diàn也yě。’夫fū王wáng者zhě岂qǐ惮dàn一yì臣chén!盖gài为wèi百bǎi姓xìng也yě。今jīn臣chén曾céng不bù能néng少shǎo凝níng圣shèng德dé,不bù及jí意yì远yuǎn矣yǐ。”帝dì乃nǎi为wèi之zhī少shǎo有yǒu减jiǎn省shěng。帝dì耽dān于yú内nèi宠chǒng,妇fù官guān秩zhì石shí拟nǐ百bǎi官guān之zhī数shù,自zì贵guì人rén以yǐ下xià至zhì掖yè庭tíng洒sǎ扫sǎo者zhě,凡fán数shù千qiān人rén,选xuǎn女nǚ子zǐ知zhī书shū可kě付fù信xìn者zhě六liù人rén,以yǐ为wéi女nǚ尚shàng书shū,使shǐ典diǎn省shěng外wài奏zòu事shì,处chù当dāng画huà可kě。廷tíng尉wèi高gāo柔róu上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“昔xī汉hàn文wén惜xī十shí家jiā之zhī资zī,不bù营yíng小xiǎo台tái之zhī娱yú;去qù病bìng臣chén匈xiōng奴nú之zhī害hài,不bù遑huáng治zhì第dì之zhī事shì。况kuàng今jīn所suǒ损sǔn者zhě非fēi惟wéi百bǎi金jīn之zhī费fèi,所suǒ忧yōu者zhě非fēi徒tú北běi锹qiāo之zhī患huàn乎hū!可kě粗cū成chéng见jiàn所suǒ营yíng立lì以yǐ充chōng朝cháo宴yàn之zhī仪yí,讫qì罢bà作zuò者zhě,使shǐ得de就jiù养yǎng;二èr方fāng平píng定dìng,复fù可kě徐xú兴xīng。《周zhōu礼lǐ》:天tiān子zǐ后hòu妃fēi以yǐ下xià百bǎi二èr十shí人rén,嫔pín嫱qiáng之zhī仪yí,既jì已yǐ盛shèng矣yǐ。窃qiè闻wén后hòu庭tíng之zhī数shù,或huò复fù过guò之zhī,圣shèng嗣sì不bù昌chāng,殆dài能néng由yóu此cǐ。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wèi可kě妙miào简jiǎn淑shū媛yuàn以yǐ备bèi内nèi官guān之zhī数shù,其qí馀yú尽jìn遣qiǎn还hái家jiā,且qiě以yǐ育yù精jīng养yǎng神shén,专zhuān静jìng为wèi宝bǎo。如rú此cǐ,则zé《螽zhōng斯sī》之zhī征zhēng可kě庶shù而ér致zhì矣yǐ。”帝dì报bào曰yuē:“卿qīng辄zhé昌chāng言yán,他tā复fù以yǐ闻wén。”是shì时shí猎liè法fǎ严yán峻jùn,杀shā禁jìn地dì鹿lù者zhě身shēn死sǐ,财cái产chǎn没méi官guān,有yǒu能néng觉jué告gào者zhě,厚hòu加jiā赏shǎng赐cì。柔róu复fù上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“中zhōng间jiān以yǐ来lái,百bǎi姓xìng供gōng给jǐ众zhòng役yì,亲qīn田tián者zhě既jì减jiǎn;加jiā顷qǐng复fù有yǒu猎liè禁jìn,群qún鹿lù犯fàn暴bào,残cán食shí生shēng苗miáo,处chù处chù为wéi害hài,所suǒ伤shāng不bù赀zī,民mín虽suī障zhàng离lí,力lì不bù能néng御yù。至zhì如rú荥xíng阳yáng左zuǒ右yòu,周zhōu数shù百bǎi里lǐ,岁suì略lüè不bù收shōu。方fāng今jīn天tiān下xià生shēng生shēng者zhě甚shèn少shǎo,而ér麋mí鹿lù之zhī损sǔn者zhě甚shèn多duō,卒zú有yǒu兵bīng戎róng之zhī役yì,凶xiōng年nián之zhī灾zāi,将jiāng无wú以yǐ待dài之zhī。惟wéi陛bì下xià宽kuān放fàng民mín间jiān,使shǐ得de捕bǔ鹿lù,遂suì除chú其qí禁jìn,则zé众zhòng庶shù永yǒng济jì,莫mò不bú悦yuè豫yù矣yǐ。”帝dì又yòu欲yù平píng北běi芒máng,令lìng于yú其qí上shàng作zuò台tái观guān,望wàng见jiàn孟mèng津jīn。卫wèi尉wèi辛xīn毘pí谏jiàn曰yuē:“天tiān地dì之zhī性xìng,高gāo高gāo下xià下xià。今jīn而ér反fǎn之zhī,既jì非fēi其qí理lǐ;加jiā以yǐ损sǔn费fèi人rén功gōng,民mín不bù堪kān役yì。且qiě若ruò九jiǔ河hé盈yíng溢yì,洪hóng水shuǐ为wéi害hài,而ér丘qiū陵líng皆jiē夷yí,将jiāng何hé以yǐ御yù之zhī!”帝dì乃nǎi止zhǐ。
少shào府fǔ杨yáng阜fù上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“陛bì下xià奉fèng武wǔ皇huáng帝dì开kāi拓tuò之zhī大dà业yè,守shǒu文wén皇huáng帝dì克kè终zhōng之zhī元yuán绪xù,诚chéng宜yí思sī齐qí往wǎng古gǔ圣shèng贤xián之zhī善shàn治zhì,总zǒng观guān季jì世shì放fàng荡dàng之zhī恶è政zhèng。曩nǎng使shǐ桓huán、灵líng不bú废fèi高gāo祖zǔ之zhī法fǎ度dù,文wén、景jǐng之zhī恭gōng俭jiǎn,太tài祖zǔ虽suī有yǒu神shén武wǔ,于yú何hé所suǒ施shī,而ér陛bì下xià何hé由yóu处chù斯sī尊zūn哉zāi!今jīn吴wú、蜀shǔ未wèi定dìng,定dìng旅lǚ在zài外wài,诸zhū所suǒ缮shàn治zhì,惟wéi陛bì下xià务wù从cóng约yuē节jié。”帝dì优yōu诏zhào答dá之zhī。阜fù复fù上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“尧yáo尚shàng茅máo茨cí而ér万wàn国guó安ān其qí居jū,禹yǔ卑bēi宫gōng室shì而ér天tiān下xià乐lè其qí业yè。及jí至zhì殷yīn、周zhōu,或huò堂táng崇chóng三sān尺chǐ,度dù以yǐ九jiǔ筵yán耳ěr。桀jié作zuò璇xuán室shì象xiàng廊láng,纣zhòu为wèi倾qīng宫gōng鹿lù台tái,以yǐ丧sàng其qí社shè稷jì;楚chǔ灵líng以yǐ筑zhù章zhāng华huá而ér身shēn受shòu祸huò;秦qín始shǐ皇huáng作zuò阿ā房fáng,二èr世shì而ér灭miè。夫fū不bú度dù万wàn民mín之zhī力lì,以yǐ从cóng耳ěr目mù之zhī欲yù,未wèi有yǒu不bù亡wáng者zhě也yě。陛bì下xià当dāng以yǐ尧yáo、舜shùn、禹yǔ、汤tāng、文wén、武wǔ为wèi法fǎ则zé,夏xià桀jié、殷yīn纣zhòu、楚chǔ灵líng、秦qín皇huáng为wèi深shēn诫jiè,而ér乃nǎi自zì暇xiá自zì逸yì,惟wéi宫gōng台tái是shì饰shì,必bì有yǒu颠diān覆fù危wēi亡wáng之zhī祸huò矣yǐ。君jūn作zuò元yuán首shǒu,臣chén为wèi股gǔ肱gōng,存cún亡wáng一yì体tǐ,得dé失shī同tóng之zhī。臣chén虽suī驽nú怯qiè,敢gǎn忘wàng争zhēng臣chén之zhī义yì!言yán不bú切qiè至zhì,不bù足zú以yǐ感gǎn寤wù陛bì下xià。陛bì下xià不bù察chá臣chén言yán,恐kǒng皇huáng祖zǔ、烈liè考kǎo之zhī祚zuò坠zhuì于yú地dì。使shǐ臣chén身shēn死sǐ有yǒu补bǔ万wàn一yī,则zé死sǐ之zhī日rì犹yóu生shēng之zhī年nián也yě。谨jǐn叩kòu棺guān沐mù浴yù,伏fú俟sì重zhòng诛zhū!”奏zòu御yù,帝dì感gǎn其qí忠zhōng言yán,手shǒu笔bǐ诏zhào答dá。帝dì尝cháng著zhù衤yī冒mào,被bèi缥piǎo绫líng半bàn袖xiù。阜fù问wèn帝dì曰yuē:“此cǐ于yú礼lǐ何hé法fǎ服fú也yě?”帝dì默mò然rán不bù答dá。自zì是shì不bù法fǎ服fú不bù以yǐ见jiàn阜fù。阜fù又yòu上shàng疏shū欲yù省shěng宫gōng人rén诸zhū不bú见jiàn幸xìng者zhě,乃nǎi召zhào御yù府fǔ吏lì问wèn后hòu宫gōng人rén数shù。吏lì守shǒu旧jiù令lìng,对duì曰yuē:“禁jìn密mì,不bù得dé宣xuān露lù!”阜fù怒nù,杖zhàng吏lì一yì百bǎi,数shù之zhī曰yuē:“国guó家jiā不bù与yǔ九jiǔ卿qīng为wèi密mì,反fǎn与yǔ小xiǎo吏lì为wèi密mì乎hū!”帝dì愈yù严yán惮dàn之zhī。
散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì蒋jiǎng济jì上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“昔xī句jù践jiàn养yǎng胎tāi以yǐ待dài用yòng,昭zhāo王wáng恤xù病bìng以yǐ雪xuě仇chóu,故gù能néng以yǐ弱ruò燕yàn服fú强qiáng齐qí,羸léi越yuè灭miè劲jìn吴wú。今jīn二èr敌dí强qiáng盛shèng,当dāng身shēn不bù除chú,百bǎi世shì之zhī责zé也yě。以yǐ陛bì下xià圣shèng明míng神shén武wǔ之zhī略lüè,舍shè其qí缓huǎn者zhě,专zhuān心xīn讨tǎo贼zéi,臣chén以yǐ为wéi无wú难nán矣yǐ。”中zhōng书shū侍shì郎láng东dōng莱lái王wáng基jī上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“臣chén闻wén古gǔ人rén以yǐ水shuǐ喻yù民mín曰yuē:‘水shuǐ所suǒ以yǐ载zǎi舟zhōu,亦yì所suǒ以yǐ覆fù舟zhōu。’颜yán渊yuān曰yuē‘东dōng野yě子zǐ之zhī御yù,马mǎ力lì尽jìn矣yǐ,而ér求qiú进jìn不bù已yǐ,殆dài将jiāng败bài矣yǐ。’今jīn事shì役yì劳láo苦kǔ,男nán女nǚ离lí旷kuàng,愿yuàn陛bì下xià深shēn察chá东dōng野yě之zhī敝bì,留liú意yì舟zhōu水shuǐ之zhī喻yù,息xī奔bēn驷sì于yú未wèi尽jìn,节jié力lì役yì于yú未wèi困kùn。昔xī汉hàn有yǒu天tiān下xià,至zhì孝xiào文wén时shí唯wéi有yǒu同tóng姓xìng诸zhū侯hóu,而ér贾jiǎ谊yì忧yōu之zhī曰yuē:‘置zhì火huǒ积jī薪xīn之zhī下xià而ér寝qǐn其qí上shàng,因yīn谓wèi之zhī安ān。’今jīn寇kòu贼zéi未wèi殄tiǎn,猛měng将jiàng拥yōng兵bīng,检jiǎn之zhī则zé无wú以yǐ应yìng敌dí,久jiǔ之zhī则zé难nán以yǐ遗yí后hòu,当dāng盛shèng明míng之zhī世shì,不bú务wù以yǐ除chú患huàn,若ruò子zǐ孙sūn不bú竞jìng,社shè稷jì之zhī忧yōu也yě。使shǐ贾jiǎ谊yì复fù起qǐ,必bì深shēn切qiè于yú曩nǎng时shí矣yǐ。”帝dì皆jiē不bù听tīng。
殿diàn中zhōng监jiān督dū役yì,擅shàn收shōu兰lán台tái令lìng史shǐ,右yòu仆pú射shè卫wèi臻zhēn奏zòu案àn之zhī。诏zhào曰yuē:“殿diàn舍shè不bù成chéng,吾wú所suǒ留liú心xīn,卿qīng推tuī之zhī,何hé也yě?”臻zhēn曰yuē:“古gǔ制zhì侵qīn官guān之zhī法fǎ,非fēi恶è其qí勤qín事shì也yě,诚chéng以yǐ所suǒ益yì者zhě小xiǎo,所suǒ堕duò者zhě大dà也yě。臣chén每měi察chá校xiào事shì,类lèi皆jiē如rú此cǐ,若ruò又yòu纵zòng之zhī,惧jù群qún司sī将jiāng遂suì越yuè职zhí,以yǐ至zhì陵líng夷yí矣yǐ。”
尚shàng书shū涿zhuō郡jùn孙sūn礼lǐ固gù请qǐng罢bà役yì,帝dì诏zhào曰yuē:“钦qīn纳nà谠dǎng言yán。”促cù遣qiǎn民mín作zuò;监jiān作zuò者zhě复fù奏zòu留liú一yī月yuè,有yǒu所suǒ成chéng讫qì。礼lǐ径jìng至zhì作zuò所suǒ,不bú复fù重chóng奏zòu,称chēng诏zhào罢bà民mín,帝dì奇qí其qí意yì而ér不bù责zé。帝dì虽suī不bù能néng尽jìn用yòng群qún臣chén直zhí谏jiàn之zhī言yán,然rán皆jiē优yōu容róng之zhī。
秋qiū,七qī月yuè,洛luò阳yáng崇chóng华huá殿diàn灾zāi。帝dì问wèn侍shì中zhōng领lǐng太tài史shǐ令lìng泰tài山shān高gāo堂táng隆lóng曰yuē:“此cǐ何hé咎jiù也yě?于yú礼lǐ宁níng有yǒu祈qí禳ráng之zhī义yì乎hū?”对duì曰yuē:“《易yì·传chuán》曰yuē:‘上shàng不bù俭jiǎn,下xià不bù节jié,孽niè火huǒ烧shāo其qí室shì。’又yòu曰yuē:‘君jūn高gāo其qí台tái,天tiān火huǒ为wèi灾zāi。’此cǐ人rén君jūn务wù饰shì宫gōng室shì,不bù知zhī百bǎi姓xìng空kōng竭jié,故gù天tiān应yìng之zhī以yǐ旱hàn,火huǒ从cóng高gāo殿diàn起qǐ也yě。”诏zhào问wèn隆lóng:“吾wú闻wén汉hàn武wǔ帝dì之zhī时shí柏bǎi梁liáng灾zāi,而ér大dà起qǐ宫gōng殿diàn以yǐ厌yàn之zhī,其qí义yì云yún何hé?”对duì曰yuē:“夷yí越yuè之zhī巫wū所suǒ为wèi,非fēi圣shèng贤xián之zhī明míng训xùn也yě。《五wǔ行háng志zhì》曰yuē:‘柏bǎi梁liáng灾zāi,其qí后hòu有yǒu江jiāng充chōng巫wū蛊gǔ事shì。’如rú《志zhì》之zhī言yán,越yuè巫wū建jiàn章zhāng无wú所suǒ厌yàn也yě。令lìng宜yí罢bà散sàn民mín役yì。宫gōng室shì之zhī制zhì,务wù从cóng约yuē节jié,清qīng扫sǎo所suǒ灾zāi之zhī处chù,不bù敢gǎn于yú此cǐ有yǒu所suǒ立lì作zuò,则zé萐shà莆pú、嘉jiā禾hé必bì生shēng此cǐ地dì。若ruò乃nǎi疲pí民mín之zhī力lì,竭jié民mín之zhī财cái,非fēi所suǒ以yǐ致zhì符fú瑞ruì而ér怀huái远yuǎn人rén也yě。”
八bā月yuè,庚gēng午wǔ,立lì皇huáng子zǐ芳fāng为wèi齐qí王wáng,询xún为wèi秦qín王wáng。帝dì无wú子zǐ,养yǎng二èr王wáng为wèi子zǐ,宫gōng省shěng事shì秘mì,莫mò有yǒu知zhī其qí所suǒ由yóu来lái者zhě。或huò云yún:芳fāng,任rèn城chéng王wáng楷kǎi之zhī子zǐ也yě。
丁dīng巳sì,帝dì还hái洛luò阳yáng。
诏zhào复fù立lì崇chóng华huá殿diàn,更gēng名míng曰yuē九jiǔ龙lóng。通tōng引yǐn穀gǔ水shuǐ过guò九jiǔ龙lóng殿diàn前qián,为wèi玉yù井jǐng绮qǐ栏lán,蟾chán蜍chú含hán受shòu,神shén龙lóng吐tǔ出chū。使shǐ博bó士shì扶fú风fēng马mǎ钧jūn作zuò司sī南nán车chē,水shuǐ转zhuǎn百bǎi戏xì。陵líng霄xiāo阙quē始shǐ构gòu,有yǒu鹊què巢cháo其qí上shàng,帝dì以yǐ问wèn高gāo堂táng隆lóng,对duì曰yuē:“《诗shī》曰yuē:‘惟wéi鹊què有yǒu巢cháo,惟wéi鸠jiū居jū之zhī。’今jīn兴xīng宫gōng室shì,起qǐ陵líng霄xiāo阙quē,而ér鹊què巢cháo之zhī,此cǐ宫gōng未wèi成chéng身shēn不bù得dé居jū之zhī象xiàng也yě。大dà意yì若ruò曰yuē:‘宫gōng室shì未wèi成chéng,将jiāng有yǒu他tā姓xìng制zhì御yù之zhī’。斯sī乃nǎi上shàng天tiān之zhī戒jiè也yě。夫fū天tiān道dào无wú亲qīn,惟wéi与yǔ善shàn人rén,太tài戊wù、武wǔ丁dīng睹dǔ灾zāi悚sǒng惧jù,故gù天tiān降jiàng之zhī福fú。今jīn若ruò休xiū罢bà百bǎi役yì,增zēng崇chóng德dé政zhèng,则zé三sān王wáng可kě四sì,五wǔ帝dì可kě六liù,岂qǐ惟wéi商shāng宗zōng转zhuǎn祸huò为wéi福fú而ér已yǐ哉zāi!”帝dì为wèi之zhī动dòng容róng。帝dì性xìng严yán急jí,其qí督dū修xiū宫gōng室shì有yǒu稽jī限xiàn者zhě,帝dì亲qīn召zhào问wèn,言yán犹yóu在zài口kǒu,身shēn首shǒu已yǐ分fēn。散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì领lǐng秘mì书shū监jiān王wáng肃sù上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“今jīn宫gōng室shì未wèi就jiù,见jiàn作zuò者zhě三sān四sì万wàn人rén。九jiǔ龙lóng可kě以yǐ安ān圣shèng体tǐ,其qí内nèi足zú以yǐ列liè六liù宫gōng;惟wéi泰tài极jí已yǐ前qián,功gōng夫fū尚shàng大dà。愿yuàn陛bì下xià取qǔ常cháng食shí禀bǐng之zhī士shì,非fēi急jí要yào者zhě之zhī用yòng,选xuǎn其qí丁dīng壮zhuàng,择zé留liú万wàn人rén,使shǐ一yì期qī而ér更gèng之zhī。咸xián知zhī息xī代dài有yǒu日rì,则zé莫mò不bú悦yuè以yǐ即jí事shì,劳láo而ér不bú怨yuàn矣yǐ。计jì一yí岁suì有yǒu三sān百bǎi六liù十shí万wàn夫fū,亦yì不bú为wèi少shǎo。当dāng一yí岁suì成chéng者zhě,听tīng且qiě三sān年nián,分fēn遣qiǎn其qí馀yú,使shǐ皆jiē即jí农nóng,无wú穷qióng之zhī计jì也yě。夫fū信xìn之zhī于yú民mín,国guó家jiā大dà宝bǎo也yě。前qián车chē驾jià当dāng幸xìng洛luò阳yáng,发fā民mín为wèi营yíng,有yǒu司sī命mìng以yǐ营yíng成chéng而ér罢bà;既jì成chéng,又yòu利lì其qí功gōng力lì,不bù以yǐ时shí遣qiǎn。有yǒu司sī徒tú营yíng目mù前qián之zhī利lì,不bú顾gù经jīng国guó之zhī体tǐ。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi自zì今jīn已yǐ后hòu,傥tǎng复fù使shǐ民mín,宜yí明míng其qí令lìng,使shǐ必bì如rú期qī,以yǐ次cì有yǒu事shì,宁níng使shǐ更gèng发fā,无wú或huò失shī信xìn。凡fán陛bì下xià临lín时shí之zhī所suǒ行xíng刑xíng,皆jiē有yǒu罪zuì之zhī吏lì、宜yí死sǐ之zhī人rén也yě;然rán众zhòng庶shù不bù知zhī,谓wèi为wèi仓cāng卒cù。故gù愿yuàn陛bì下xià下xià之zhī于yú吏lì,而ér暴bào其qí罪zuì,钧jūn其qí死sǐ也yě,无wú使shǐ污wū于yú宫gōng掖yè而ér为wèi远yuǎn近jìn所suǒ疑yí。且qiě人rén命mìng至zhì重zhòng,难nán生shēng易yì杀shā,气qì绝jué不bú续xù者zhě也yě,是shì以yǐ圣shèng贤xián重zhòng之zhī。昔xī汉hàn文wén帝dì欲yù杀shā犯fàn跸bì者zhě,廷tíng尉wèi张zhāng释shì之zhī曰yuē:‘方fāng其qí时shí,上shàng使shǐ诛zhū之zhī则zé已yǐ,今jīn下xià廷tíng尉wèi,廷tíng尉wèi,天tiān下xià之zhī平píng,不bù可kě倾qīng也yě。’臣chén以yǐ为wéi大dà失shī其qí义yì,非fēi忠zhōng臣chén所suǒ宜yí陈chén也yě。廷tíng尉wèi者zhě,天tiān子zǐ之zhī吏lì也yě,犹yóu不bù可kě以yǐ失shī平píng,而ér天tiān子zǐ之zhī身shēn反fǎn可kě以yǐ惑huò谬miù乎hū!斯sī重zhòng于yú为wèi己jǐ而ér轻qīng于yú为wèi君jūn,不bù忠zhōng之zhī甚shèn也yě,不bù可kě不bù察chá!”
中zhōng山shān恭gōng王wáng兗yǎn疾jí病bìng,令lìng官guān属shǔ曰yuē:“男nán子zǐ不bù死sǐ于yú妇fù人rén之zhī手shǒu,亟jí以yǐ时shí营yíng东dōng堂táng。”堂táng成chéng,舆yú疾jí往wǎng居jū之zhī。又yòu令lìng世shì子zǐ曰yuē:“汝rǔ幼yòu为wèi人rén君jūn,知zhī乐lè不bù知zhī苦kǔ,必bì将jiāng以yǐ骄jiāo奢shē为wèi失shī者zhě也yě。兄xiōng弟dì有yǒu不bù良liáng之zhī行xíng,当dāng造zào膝xī谏jiàn之zhī,谏jiàn之zhī不bù从cóng,流liú涕tì喻yù之zhī,喻yù之zhī不bù改gǎi,乃nǎi白bái其qí母mǔ,犹yóu不bù改gǎi,当dāng以yǐ奏zòu闻wén,并bìng辞cí国guó土tǔ。与yǔ其qí守shǒu宠chǒng罹lí祸huò,不bú若ruò贫pín贱jiàn全quán身shēn也yě。此cǐ亦yì谓wèi大dà罪zuì恶è耳ěr,其qí微wēi过guò细xì故gù,当dāng掩yǎn覆fù之zhī。”冬dōng,十shí月yuè,己jǐ酉yǒu,衮gǔn卒zú。
十shí一yī月yuè,丁dīng酉yǒu,帝dì行xíng如rú许xǔ昌chāng。
是shì岁suì,幽yōu州zhōu刺cì史shǐ王wáng雄xióng使shǐ勇yǒng士shì韩hán龙lóng刺cì杀shā鲜xiān卑bēi轲kē比bǐ能néng。自zì是shì种zhǒng落luò离lí散sàn,互hù相xiāng侵qīn伐fá,强qiáng者zhě远yuǎn遁dùn,弱ruò者zhě请qǐng服fú,边biān陲chuí遂suì安ān。
张zhāng掖yè柳liǔ谷gǔ口kǒu水shuǐ溢yì涌yǒng,宝bǎo石shí负fù图tú,状zhuàng象xiàng灵líng龟guī,立lì于yú川chuān西xī,有yǒu石shí马mǎ七qī及jí凤fèng皇huáng、麒qí麟lín、白bái虎hǔ、牺xī牛niú、璜huáng玦jué、八bā卦guà、列liè宿sù、孛bèi彗huì之zhī象xiàng,又yòu有yǒu文wén曰yuē“大dà讨tǎo曹cáo”。诏zhào书shū班bān天tiān下xià,以yǐ为wéi嘉jiā瑞ruì。任rèn令lìng于yú绰chuò连lián赍jī以yǐ问wèn巨jù鹿lù张zhāng臶jiàn,臶jiàn密mì谓wèi绰chuò曰yuē:“夫fū神shén以yǐ知zhī来lái,不bù追zhuī已yǐ往wǎng,祥xiáng兆zhào先xiān见jiàn,而ér后hòu废fèi兴xīng从cóng之zhī。今jīn汉hàn已yǐ久jiǔ亡wáng,魏wèi已yǐ得dé之zhī,何hé所suǒ追zhuī兴xīng祥xiáng兆zhào乎hū!此cǐ石shí,当dāng今jīn之zhī变biàn异yì而ér将jiāng来lái之zhī符fú瑞ruì也yě。”
帝dì使shǐ人rén以yǐ马mǎ易yì珠zhū玑jī、悲bēi翠cuì、玳dài瑁mào于yú吴wú,吴wú主zhǔ曰yuē:“此cǐ皆jiē孤gū所suǒ不bú用yòng,而ér可kě以yǐ得dé马mǎ,孤gū何hé爱ài焉yān。”皆jiē以yǐ与yǔ之zhī。
烈liè祖zǔ明míng皇huáng帝dì中zhōng之zhī下xià青qīng龙lóng四sì年nián(丙bǐng辰chén,公gōng元yuán二èr三sān六liù年nián)
春chūn,吴wú人rén铸zhù大dà钱qián,一yì当dāng五wǔ百bǎi。
三sān月yuè,吴wú张zhāng昭zhāo卒zú,年nián八bā十shí一yī。昭zhāo容róng貌mào矜jīn严yán,有yǒu威wēi风fēng,吴wú主zhǔ以yǐ下xià,举jǔ邦bāng惮dàn之zhī。
夏xià,四sì月yuè,汉hàn主zhǔ至zhì湔jiān,登dēng观guān阪bǎn,观guān汶wèn水shuǐ之zhī流liú,旬xún日rì而ér还hái。
武wǔ都dōu氐dī王wáng符fú健jiàn请qǐng降jiàng于yú汉hàn;其qí弟dì不bù从cóng,将jiāng四sì百bǎi户hù来lái降jiàng。
五wǔ月yuè,乙yǐ卯mǎo,乐lè平píng定dìng侯hóu董dǒng昭zhāo卒zú。
冬dōng,十shí月yuè,己jǐ卯mǎo,帝dì还hái洛luò阳yáng宫gōng。
甲jiǎ申shēn,有yǒu星xīng孛bèi于yú大dà辰chén,又yòu勃bó于yú东dōng方fāng。高gāo堂táng隆lóng上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“凡fán帝dì王wáng徙xǐ都dōu立lì邑yì,皆jiē先xiān定dìng天tiān地dì、社shè稷jì之zhī位wèi,敬jìng恭gōng以yǐ奉fèng之zhī。将jiāng营yíng宫gōng室shì,则zé宗zōng庙miào为wèi先xiān,厩jiù库kù为wèi次cì,居jū室shì为wèi后hòu。今jīn圜huán丘qiū、方fāng泽zé、南nán北běi郊jiāo、明míng堂táng、社shè稷jì神shén位wèi未wèi定dìng,宗zōng庙miào之zhī制zhì又yòu未wèi如rú礼lǐ,而ér崇chóng饰shì居jū室shì,士shì民mín失shī业yè,外wài人rén咸xián云yún‘宫gōng人rén之zhī用yòng与yǔ军jūn国guó之zhī费fèi略lüè齐qí’,民mín不bù堪kān命mìng,皆jiē有yǒu怨yuàn怒nù。《书shū》曰yuē:‘天tiān聪cōng明ming自zì我wǒ民mín聪cōng明ming,天tiān明míng畏wèi自zì我wǒ民mín明míng威wēi。’言yán天tiān之zhī赏shǎng罚fá,随suí民mín言yán,顺shùn民mín心xīn也yě。夫fū采cǎi椽chuán、卑bēi宫gōng,唐táng、虞yú、大dà禹yǔ之zhī所suǒ以yǐ垂chuí皇huáng风fēng也yě;玉yù台tái、琼qióng室shì,夏xià癸guǐ、商shāng辛xīn之zhī所suǒ以yǐ犯fàn昊hào天tiān也yě。今jīn宫gōng室shì过guò盛shèng,天tiān彗huì章zhāng灼zhuó,斯sī乃nǎi慈cí父fù恳kěn切qiè之zhī训xùn。当dāng崇chóng孝xiào子zǐ祗zhī耸sǒng之zhī礼lǐ,不bù宜yí有yǒu忽hū,以yǐ重zhòng天tiān怒nù。”隆lóng数shù切qiè谏jiàn,帝dì颇pō不bú悦yuè。侍shì中zhōng卢lú毓yù进jìn曰yuē:“臣chén闻wén君jūn明míng则zé臣chén直zhí,古gǔ之zhī圣shèng王wáng惟wéi恐kǒng不bù闻wén其qí过guò,此cǐ乃nǎi臣chén等děng所suǒ以yǐ不bù及jí隆lóng也yě。”帝dì乃nǎi解jiě。毓yù,植zhí之zhī子zǐ也yě。
十shí二èr月yuè,癸guǐ巳sì,颍yǐng阴yīn靖jìng侯hóu陈chén群qún卒zú。群qún前qián后hòu数shù陈chén得dé失shī,每měi上shàng封fēng事shì,辄zhé削xiāo其qí草cǎo,时shí人rén及jí其qí子zǐ弟dì莫mò能néng知zhī也yě。论lùn者zhě或huò讥jī群qún居jū位wèi拱gǒng默mò;正zhèng始shǐ中zhōng,诏zhào撰zhuàn群qún臣chén上shàng书shū以yǐ为wéi《名míng臣chén奏zòu议yì》,朝cháo士shì乃nǎi见jiàn群qún谏jiàn事shì,皆jiē叹tàn息xī焉yān。
袁yuán子zǐ论lùn曰yuē:或huò云yún:“少shào府fǔ杨yáng阜fù岂qǐ非fēi忠zhōng臣chén哉zāi!见jiàn人rén主zhǔ之zhī非fēi则zé勃bó然rán触chù之zhī,与yǔ人rén言yán未wèi尝cháng不bú道dào。”答dá曰yuē:“夫fū仁rén者zhě爱ài人rén,施shī之zhī君jūn谓wèi之zhī忠zhōng,施shī于yú亲qīn谓wèi之zhī孝xiào。今jīn为wèi人rén臣chén,见jiàn人rén主zhǔ失shī道dào,直zhí诋dǐ其qí非fēi而ér播bō扬yáng其qí恶è,可kě谓wèi直zhí士shì,未wèi为wèi忠zhōng臣chén也yě。故gù司sī空kōng陈chén群qún则zé不bù然rán,谈tán论lùn终zhōng日rì,未wèi尝cháng言yán人rén主zhǔ之zhī非fēi;书shū数shù十shí上shàng,外wài人rén不bù知zhī。君jūn子zǐ谓wèi群qún于yú是shì乎hū长zhǎng者zhě矣yǐ。”
乙yǐ未wèi,帝dì行xíng如rú许xǔ昌chāng。
诏zhào公gōng卿qīng举jǔ才cái德dé兼jiān备bèi者zhě各gè一yì人rén,司sī马mǎ懿yì以yǐ兗yǎn州zhōu刺cì史shǐ太tài原yuán王wáng昶chǎng应yìng选xuǎn。昶chǎng为wèi人rén谨jǐn厚hòu,名míng其qí兄xiōng子zǐ曰yuē默mò,曰yuē沈shěn,名míng其qí子zǐ曰yuē浑hún,曰yuē深shēn,为wèi书shū戒jiè之zhī曰yuē:“吾wú以yǐ四sì者zhě为wèi名míng,欲yù使shǐ汝rǔ曹cáo顾gù名míng思sī义yì,不bù敢gǎn违wéi越yuè也yě。夫fū物wù速sù成chéng则zé疾jí亡wáng,晚wǎn就jiù而ér善shàn终zhōng,朝cháo华huá之zhī草cǎo,夕xī而ér零líng落luò,松sōng柏bǎi之zhī茂mào,隆lóng寒hán不bù衰shuāi,是shì以yǐ君jūn子zǐ戒jiè于yú阙quē党dǎng也yě。夫fū能néng屈qū以yǐ为wéi伸shēn,让ràng以yǐ为wéi得dé,弱ruò以yǐ为wéi强qiáng,鲜xiān不bú遂suì矣yǐ。夫fū毁huǐ誉yù者zhě,爱ài恶è之zhī原yuán而ér祸huò福fú之zhī机jī也yě。孔kǒng子zǐ曰yuē:‘吾wú之zhī于yú人rén,谁shuí毁huǐ谁shuí誉yù。’以yǐ圣shèng人rén之zhī德dé犹yóu尚shàng如rú此cǐ,况kuàng庸yōng庸yōng之zhī徒tú而ér轻qīng毁huǐ誉yù哉zāi!人rén或huò毁huǐ己jǐ,当dāng退tuì而ér求qiú之zhī于yú身shēn。若ruò己jǐ有yǒu可kě毁huǐ之zhī行xíng,则zé彼bǐ言yán当dāng矣yǐ;若ruò己jǐ无wú可kě毁huǐ之zhī行xíng,则zé彼bǐ言yán妄wàng矣yǐ。当dāng则zé无wú怨yuàn于yú彼bǐ,妄wàng则zé无wú害hài于yú身shēn,又yòu何hé反fǎn报bào焉yān!谚yàn曰yuē:‘救jiù寒hán莫mò如rú重zhòng裘qiú,止zhǐ谤bàng莫mò如rú自zì修xiū。’斯sī言yán信xìn矣yǐ!”
烈liè祖zǔ明míng皇huáng帝dì中zhōng之zhī下xià景jǐng初chū元yuán年nián(丁dīng巳sì,公gōng元yuán二èr三sān七qī年nián)
春chūn,正zhēng月yuè,壬rén辰chén,山shān茌chí县xiàn言yán黄huáng龙lóng见jiàn。高gāo堂táng隆lóng以yǐ为wéi:“魏wèi得dé土tǔ德dé,故gù其qí瑞ruì黄huáng龙lóng见jiàn,宜yí改gǎi正zhèng朔shuò,易yì服fú色sè,以yǐ神shén明míng其qí政zhèng,变biàn民mín耳ěr目mù。”帝dì从cóng其qí议yì。三sān月yuè,下xià诏zhào改gǎi元yuán,以yǐ是shì月yuè为wèi孟mèng夏xià四sì月yuè,服fú色sè尚shàng黄huáng,牺xī牲shēng用yòng白bái,从cóng地dì正zhèng也yě。更gēng名míng《太tài和hé历lì》曰yuē《景jǐng初chū历lì》。
五wǔ月yuè,己jǐ巳sì,帝dì还hái洛luò阳yáng。
己jǐ丑chǒu,大dà赦shè。
六liù月yuè,戊wù申shēn,京jīng都dōu地dì震zhèn。
己jǐ亥hài,以yǐ尚shàng书shū令lìng陈chén矫jiǎo为wèi司sī徒tú,左zuǒ仆pú射shè卫wèi臻zhēn为wèi司sī空kōng。
有yǒu司sī奏zòu以yǐ武wǔ皇huáng帝dì为wèi魏wèi太tài祖zǔ,文wén皇huáng帝dì为wèi魏wèi高gāo祖zǔ,帝dì为wèi魏wèi烈liè祖zǔ;三sān祖zǔ之zhī庙miào,万wàn世shì不bù毁huǐ。
孙sūn盛shèng论lùn曰yuē:夫fū谥shì以yǐ表biǎo行xíng,庙miào以yǐ存cún容róng。未wèi有yǒu当dāng年nián而ér逆nì制zhì祖zǔ宗zōng,未wèi终zhōng而ér豫yù自zì尊zūn显xiǎn。魏wèi之zhī群qún司sī于yú是shì乎hū失shī正zhèng矣yǐ。
秋qiū,七qī月yuè,丁dīng卯mǎo,东dōng乡xiāng贞zhēn侯hóu陈chén矫jiǎo卒zú。
公gōng孙sūn渊yuān数shù对duì国guó中zhōng宾bīn客kè出chū恶è言yán,帝dì欲yù讨tǎo之zhī,以yǐ荆jīng州zhōu刺cì史shǐ河hé东dōng毌guàn丘qiū俭jiǎn为wèi幽yōu州zhōu刺cì史shǐ。俭jiǎn上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“陛bì下xià即jí位wèi已yǐ来lái,未wèi有yǒu可kě书shū。吴wú、蜀shǔ恃shì险xiǎn,未wèi可kě卒zú平píng,聊liáo可kě以yǐ此cǐ方fāng无wú用yòng之zhī士shì克kè定dìng辽liáo东dōng。”光guāng禄lù大dài夫fu卫wèi臻zhēn曰yuē:“俭jiǎn所suǒ陈chén皆jiē战zhàn国guó细xì术shù,非fēi王wáng者zhě之zhī事shì也yě。吴wú频pín岁suì称chēng兵bīng,寇kòu乱luàn边biān境jìng,而ér犹yóu按àn甲jiǎ养yǎng士shì,未wèi果guǒ致zhì讨tǎo者zhě,诚chéng以yǐ百bǎi姓xìng疲pí劳láo故gù也yě。渊yuān生shēng长zhǎng海hǎi表biǎo,相xiāng承chéng三sān世shì,外wài抚fǔ戎róng夷yí,内nèi修xiū战zhàn射shè,而ér俭jiǎn欲yù以yǐ偏piān军jūn长cháng驱qū,朝cháo至zhì夕xī卷juàn,知zhī其qí妄wàng矣yǐ。”帝dì不bù听tīng,使shǐ俭jiǎn率lǜ诸zhū军jūn及jí鲜xiān卑bēi、乌wū桓huán屯tún辽liáo东dōng南nán界jiè,玺xǐ书shū征zhēng渊yuān。渊yuān前qián发fā兵bīng反fǎn,逆nì俭jiǎn于yú辽liáo隧suì。会huì天tiān雨yǔ十shí馀yú日rì,辽liáo水shuǐ大dà涨zhǎng,俭jiǎn与yǔ战zhàn不bú利lì,引yǐn军jūn还hái右yòu北běi平píng。渊yuān因yīn自zì立lì为wèi燕yàn王wáng,改gǎi元yuán绍shào汉hàn,置zhì百bǎi官guān,遣qiǎn使shǐ假jiǎ鲜xiān卑bēi单chán于yú玺xǐ,封fēng拜bài边biān民mín,诱yòu呼hū鲜xiān卑bēi以yǐ侵qīn扰rǎo北běi方fāng。
汉hàn张zhāng后hòu殂cú。
九jiǔ月yuè,冀jì、兗yǎn、徐xú、豫yù大dà水shuǐ。
西xī平píng郭guō夫fū人rén有yǒu宠chǒng于yú帝dì,毛máo后hòu爱ài弛chí。帝dì游yóu后hòu园yuán,曲qǔ宴yàn极jí乐lè。郭guō夫fū人rén请qǐng延yán皇huáng后hòu,帝dì弗fú许xǔ,因yīn禁jìn左zuǒ右yòu使shǐ不bù得dé宣xuān。后hòu知zhī之zhī,明míng日rì,谓wèi帝dì曰yuē:“昨zuó日rì游yóu宴yàn北běi园yuán,乐lè乎hū?”帝dì以yǐ左zuǒ右yòu泄xiè之zhī,所suǒ杀shā十shí馀yú人rén。庚gēng辰chén,赐cì后hòu死sǐ,然rán犹yóu加jiā谥shì曰yuē悼dào。癸guǐ丑chǒu,葬zàng愍mǐn陵líng。迁qiān其qí弟dì曾céng为wèi散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì。
冬dōng,十shí月yuè,帝dì用yòng高gāo堂táng隆lóng之zhī议yì,营yíng洛luò阳yáng南nán委wěi杰jié山shān为wèi圆yuán丘qiū,诏zhào曰yuē:“昔xī汉hàn氏shì之zhī初chū,承chéng秦qín灭miè学xué之zhī后hòu,采cǎi摭zhí残cán缺quē,以yǐ备bèi郊jiāo祀sì,四sì百bǎi馀yú年nián,废fèi无wú禘dì礼lǐ。曹cáo氏shì世shì系xì出chū自zì有yǒu虞yú,今jīn祀sì皇huáng皇huáng帝dì天tiān于yú圆yuán丘qiū,以yǐ始shǐ祖zǔ虞yú舜shùn配pèi;祭jì皇huáng皇huáng后hòu地dì于yú方fāng丘qiū,以yǐ舜shùn妃fēi伊yī氏shì配pèi;祀sì皇huáng天tiān之zhī神shén于yú南nán郊jiāo,以yǐ武wǔ帝dì配pèi;祭jì皇huáng地dì之zhī祇qí于yú北běi郊jiāo,以yǐ武wǔ宣xuān皇huáng后hòu配pèi。”
庐lú江jiāng主zhǔ薄báo吕lǚ习xí密mì使shǐ人rén请qǐng兵bīng于yú吴wú,欲yù开kāi门mén为wèi内nèi应yìng。吴wú主zhǔ使shǐ卫wèi将jiāng军jūn全quán琮cóng督dū前qián将jiāng军jūn硃zhū桓huán等děng赴fù之zhī,既jì至zhì,事shì露lù,吴wú军jūn还hái。
诸zhū葛gě恪kè至zhì丹dān杨yáng,移yí书shū四sì部bù属shǔ城chéng长cháng吏lì,令lìng各gè保bǎo其qí疆jiāng界jiè,明míng立lì部bù伍wǔ;其qí从cóng化huà平píng民mín,悉xī令lìng屯tún居jū。乃nǎi内nèi诸zhū将jiāng,罗luó兵bīng幽yōu阻zǔ,但dàn缮shàn籓fān篱lí,不bù与yǔ交jiāo锋fēng,候hòu其qí谷gǔ稼jià将jiāng熟shú,辄zhé纵zòng兵bīng芟shān刈yì,使shǐ无wú遗yí种zhǒng。旧jiù谷gǔ既jì尽jìn,新xīn谷gǔ不bù收shōu,平píng民mín屯tún居jū,略lüè无wú所suǒ入rù。于yú是shì山shān民mín饥jī穷qióng,渐jiàn出chū降jiàng首shǒu。恪kè乃nǎi复fù敕chì下xià曰yuē:“山shān民mín去qù恶è从cóng化huà,皆jiē当dāng抚fǔ慰wèi,徙xǐ出chū外wài县xiàn,不bù得dé嫌xián疑yí,有yǒu所suǒ拘jū执zhí!”臼jiù阳yáng长cháng胡hú伉kàng得dé降jiàng民mín周zhōu遗yí,遗yí旧jiù恶è民mín,困kùn迫pò暂zàn出chū,伉kàng缚fù送sòng言yán府fǔ。恪kè以yǐ伉kàng违wéi教jiào,遂suì斩zhǎn以yǐ徇xùn。民mín闻wén伉kàng坐zuò执zhí人rén被bèi戮lù,知zhī官guān惟wéi欲yù出chū之zhī而ér已yǐ,于yú是shì老lǎo幼yòu相xiāng携xié而ér出chū,岁suì期qī人rén数shù,皆jiē如rú本běn规guī。恪kè自zì领lǐng万wàn人rén,馀yú分fēn给gěi诸zhū将jiāng。吴wú主zhǔ嘉jiā其qí功gōng,拜bài恪kè威wēi北běi将jiāng军jūn,封fēng都dōu乡xiāng侯hóu,徙xǐ屯tún庐lú江jiāng皖wǎn口kǒu。
是shì岁suì,徙xǐ长cháng安ān钟zhōng虡jù、橐tuó佗tuó、铜tóng人rén、承chéng露lù盘pán于yú洛luò阳yáng。盘pán折zhé,声shēng闻wén数shù十shí里lǐ。铜tóng人rén重zhòng,不bù可kě致zhì,留liú于yú霸bà城chéng。大dà发fā铜tóng铸zhù铜tóng人rén二èr,号hào曰yuē翁wēng仲zhòng,列liè坐zuò于yú司sī马mǎ门mén外wài。又yòu铸zhù黄huáng龙lóng、凤fèng皇huáng各gè一yī,龙lóng高gāo四sì丈zhàng,凤fèng高gāo三sān太tài馀yú,置zhì内nèi殿diàn前qián。起qǐ土tǔ山shān于yú芳fāng林lín园yuán西xī北běi陬zōu,使shǐ公gōng卿qīng群qún僚liáo皆jiē负fù土tǔ,树shù松sōng、竹zhú、杂zá木mù、善shàn草cǎo于yú其qí上shàng,捕bǔ山shān禽qín杂zá兽shòu致zhì其qí中zhōng。司sī徒tú军jūn议yì掾yuàn董dǒng寻xún上shàng疏shū谏jiàn曰yuē:“臣chén闻wén古gǔ之zhī直zhí士shì,尽jìn言yán于yú国guó,不bú避bì死sǐ亡wáng,故gù周zhōu昌chāng比bǐ高gāo祖zǔ于yú桀jié、纣zhòu,刘liú辅fǔ譬pì赵zhào后hòu于yú人rén婢bì。天tiān生shēng忠zhōng直zhí,虽suī白bái刃rèn沸fèi汤tāng,往wǎng而ér不bú顾gù者zhě,诚chéng为wèi时shí主zhǔ爱ài惜xī天tiān下xià也yě。建jiàn安ān以yǐ来lái,野yě战zhàn死sǐ亡wáng,或huò门mén殚dān户hù尽jìn,虽suī有yǒu存cún者zhě,遗yí孤gū老lǎo弱ruò。若ruò今jīn宫gōng室shì狭xiá小xiǎo,当dāng广guǎng大dà之zhī,犹yóu宜yí随suí时shí,不bù妨fáng农nóng务wù,况kuàng乃nǎi作zuò无wú益yì之zhī物wù!黄huáng龙lóng、凤fèng皇huáng、九jiǔ龙lóng、承chéng露lù盘pán,此cǐ皆jiē圣shèng明míng之zhī所suǒ不bù兴xīng也yě,其qí功gōng三sān倍bèi于yú殿diàn舍shè。陛bì下xià既jì尊zūn群qún臣chén,显xiǎn以yǐ冠guān冕miǎn,被bèi以yǐ文wén绣xiù,载zǎi以yǐ华huá舆yú,所suǒ以yǐ异yì于yú小xiǎo人rén;而ér使shǐ穿chuān方fāng举jǔ土tǔ,面miàn目mù垢gòu黑hēi,沾zhān体tǐ涂tú足zú,衣yī冠guān了le鸟niǎo,毁huǐ国guó之zhī光guāng以yǐ崇chóng无wú益yì,甚shèn非fēi谓wèi也yě。孔kǒng子zǐ曰yuē:‘君jūn使shǐ臣chén以yǐ礼lǐ,臣chén事shì君jūn以yǐ忠zhōng。’无wú忠zhōng无wú礼lǐ,国guó何hé以yǐ立lì!臣chén知zhī言yán出chū必bì死sǐ,而ér臣chén自zì比bǐ于yú牛niú之zhī一yì毛máo,生shēng既jì无wú益yì,死sǐ亦yì何hé损sǔn!秉bǐng笔bǐ流liú涕tì,心xīn与yǔ世shì辞cí。臣chén有yǒu八bā子zǐ,臣chén死sǐ之zhī后hòu,累lèi陛bì下xià矣yǐ!”将jiāng奏zòu,沐mù浴yù以yǐ待dài命mìng。帝dì曰yuē:“董dǒng寻xún不bú畏wèi死sǐ邪xié!”主zhǔ者zhě奏zòu收shōu寻xún,有yǒu诏zhào勿wù问wèn。
高gāo堂táng隆lóng上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“今jīn之zhī小xiǎo人rén,好hǎo说shuō秦qín、汉hàn之zhī奢shē靡mí以yǐ荡dàng圣shèng心xīn;求qiú取qǔ亡wáng国guó不bú度dù之zhī器qì,劳láo役yì费fèi损sǔn以yǐ伤shāng德dé政zhèng。非fēi所suǒ以yǐ兴xīng礼lǐ乐lè之zhī和hé,保bǎo神shén明míng之zhī休xiū也yě。”帝dì不bù听tīng。隆lóng又yòu上shàng书shū曰yuē:“昔xī洪hóng水shuǐ滔tāo天tiān二èr十shí二èr载zǎi,尧yáo、舜shùn君jūn臣chén南nán面miàn而ér已yǐ。今jīn无wú若ruò时shí之zhī急jí,而ér使shǐ公gōng卿qīng大dài夫fu并bìng与yǔ厮sī徒tú共gòng供gòng事shì役yì,闻wén之zhī四sì夷yí,非fēi嘉jiā声shēng也yě,垂chuí之zhī竹zhú帛bó,非fēi令lìng名míng也yě。今jīn吴wú、蜀shǔ二èr贼zéi,非fēi徒tú白bái地dì、小xiǎo虏lǔ、聚jù邑yì之zhī寇kòu,乃nǎi僭jiàn号hào称chēng帝dì,欲yù与yǔ中zhōng国guó争zhēng衡héng。今jīn若ruò有yǒu人rén来lái告gào:‘权quán、禅chán并bìng修xiū德dé政zhèng,轻qīng省shěng租zū赋fù,动dòng咨zī耆qí贤xián,事shì遵zūn礼lǐ度dù,’陛bì下xià闻wén之zhī,岂qǐ不bú惕tì然rán恶è其qí如rú此cǐ,以yǐ为wéi难nán卒zú讨tǎo灭miè而ér为wèi国guó忧yōu乎hū!若ruò使shǐ告gào者zhě曰yuē:‘彼bǐ二èr贼zéi并bìng为wèi无wú道dào,崇chóng侈chǐ无wú度dù,役yì其qí士shì民mín,重zhòng其qí赋fù敛liǎn,下xià不bù堪kān命mìng,吁xū嗟jiē日rì甚shèn,’陛bì下xià闻wén之zhī,岂qǐ不bú幸xìng彼bǐ疲pí敝bì而ér取qǔ之zhī不bù难nán乎hū!苟gǒu如rú此cǐ,则zé可kě易yì心xīn而ér度dù,事shì义yì之zhī数shù亦yì不bù远yuǎn矣yǐ!亡wáng国guó这zhè主zhǔ自zì谓wèi不bù亡wáng,然rán后hòu至zhì于yú亡wáng;贤xián圣shèng之zhī君jūn自zì谓wèi亡wáng,然rán后hòu至zhì于yú不bù亡wáng。今jīn天tiān下xià雕diāo敝bì,民mín无wú儋dān石shí之zhī储chǔ,国guó无wú终zhōng年nián之zhī蓄xù,外wài有yǒu强qiáng敌dí,六liù军jūn暴bào边biān,内nèi兴xīng土tǔ功gōng,州zhōu郡jùn骚sāo动dòng,若ruò有yǒu寇kòu警jǐng,则zé臣chén惧jù版bǎn筑zhù之zhī士shì不bù能néng投tóu命mìng虏lǔ庭tíng矣yǐ。又yòu,将jiāng吏lì奉fèng禄lù,稍shāo见jiàn折zhé减jiǎn,方fāng之zhī于yú昔xī,五wǔ分fēn居jū一yī,诸zhū受shòu休xiū者zhě又yòu绝jué禀bǐng赐cì,不bú应yìng输shū者zhě今jīn皆jiē出chū半bàn,此cǐ为wèi官guān入rù兼jiān多duō于yú旧jiù,其qí所suǒ出chū与yǔ参cān少shǎo于yú昔xī。而ér度dù支zhī经jīng用yòng,更gèng每měi不bù足zú,牛niú肉ròu小xiǎo赋fù,前qián后hòu相xiāng继jì。反fǎn而ér推tuī之zhī,凡fán此cǐ诸zhū费fèi,必bì有yǒu所suǒ在zài。且qiě夫fū禄lù赐cì谷gǔ帛bó,人rén主zhǔ所suǒ以yǐ惠huì养yǎng吏lì民mín而ér为wèi之zhī司sī命mìng者zhě也yě,若ruò今jīn有yǒu废fèi,是shì夺duó其qí命mìng矣yǐ。既jì得dé之zhī而ér又yòu失shī之zhī,此cǐ生shēng怨yuàn之zhī府fǔ也yě。”帝dì览lǎn之zhī,谓wèi中zhōng书shū监jiān、令lìng曰yuē:“观guān隆lóng此cǐ奏zòu,使shǐ朕zhèn惧jù哉zāi!”
尚shàng书shū卫wèi觊jì上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“今jīn议yì者zhě多duō好hǎo悦yuè耳ěr:其qí言yán政zhèng治zhì,则zé比bǐ陛bì下xià于yú尧yáo、舜shùn;其qí言yán征zhēng伐fá,则zé比bǐ二èr虏lǔ于yú狸lí鼠shǔ。臣chén以yǐ为wéi不bù然rán。四sì海hǎi之zhī内nèi,分fēn而ér为wèi三sān,群qún士shì陈chén力lì,各gè为wèi其qí主zhǔ,是shì与yǔ六liù国guó分fēn治zhì无wú以yǐ为wèi异yì也yě。当dāng今jīn千qiān里lǐ无wú烟yān,遗yí民mín困kùn苦kǔ。陛bì下xià不bú善shàn留liú意yì,将jiāng遂suì凋diāo敝bì,难nán可kě复fù振zhèn。武wǔ皇huáng帝dì之zhī时shí,后hòu宫gōng食shí不bú过guò一yí肉ròu,衣yī不bú用yòng锦jǐn绣xiù,茵yīn蓐rù不bù缘yuán饰shì,器qì物wù无wú丹dān漆qī,用yòng能néng平píng定dìng天tiān下xià,遗yí福fú子zǐ孙sūn,此cǐ皆jiē陛bì下xià之zhī所suǒ览lǎn也yě。当dāng今jīn之zhī务wù,宜yí君jūn臣chén上shàng下xià,计jì校xiào府fǔ库kù,量liàng入rù为wéi出chū,犹yóu恐kǒng不bù及jí;而ér工gōng役yì不bú辍chuò,侈chǐ靡mí日rì崇chóng,帑tǎng藏cáng日rì竭jié。昔xī汉hàn武wǔ信xìn神shén仙xiān之zhī道dào,谓wèi当dāng得dé云yún表biǎo之zhī露lù以yǐ餐cān玉yù屑xiè,故gù立lì仙xiān掌zhǎng以yǐ承chéng高gāo露lù,陛bì下xià能néng明míng,每měi所suǒ非fēi笑xiào。汉hàn武wǔ有yǒu求qiú于yú露lù而ér犹yóu尚shàng见jiàn非fēi,陛bì下xià无wú求qiú于yú露lù而ér空kōng设shè之zhī,不bú益yì于yú好hǎo而ér糜mí费fèi功gōng夫fū,诚chéng皆jiē圣shèng虑lǜ所suǒ宜yí裁cái制zhì也yě。”
时shí有yǒu诏zhào录lù夺duó士shì女nǚ前qián已yǐ嫁jià为wèi吏lì民mín妻qī者zhě,还hái以yǐ配pèi士shì,听tīng以yǐ生shēng口kǒu自zì赎shú,又yòu简jiǎn选xuǎn其qí有yǒu姿zī首shǒu者zhě内nèi之zhī掖yè庭tíng。太tài子zǐ舍shè人rén沛pèi国guó张zhāng茂mào上shàng书shū谏jiàn曰yuē:“陛bì下xià,天tiān之zhī子zǐ也yě,百bǎi姓xìng吏lì民mín,亦yì陛bì下xià子zǐ也yě,今jīn夺duó彼bǐ以yǐ与yǔ此cǐ,亦yì无wú以yǐ异yì于yú夺duó兄xiōng之zhī发fà妻qī弟dì也yě,于yú父fù母mǔ之zhī恩ēn偏piān矣yǐ,又yòu,诏zhào书shū听tīng得dé以yǐ生shēng口kǒu年nián纪jì、颜yán色sè与yǔ妻qī相xiāng当dāng者zhě自zì代dài,故gù富fù者zhě则zé倾qīng家jiā尽jìn产chǎn,贫pín者zhě举jǔ假jiǎ贷dài贳shì,贵guì买mǎi生shēng口kǒu以yǐ赎shú其qí妻qī。县xiàn官guān以yǐ配pèi士shì为wèi名míng而ér实shí内nèi之zhī掖yè庭tíng,其qí丑chǒu恶è乃nǎi出chū与yǔ士shì。得dé妇fù者zhě未wèi必bì喜xǐ而ér失shī妻qī者zhě必bì有yǒu忧yōu,或huò穷qióng或huò愁chóu,皆jiē不bù得dé志zhì。夫fū君jūn有yǒu天tiān下xià而ér不bù得dé万wàn姓xìng之zhī欢huān心xīn者zhě,鲜xiān不bù危wēi殆dài。且qiě军jūn师shī在zài外wài数shù十shí万wàn人rén,一yí日rì之zhī费fèi非fēi徒tú千qiān金jīn,举jǔ天tiān下xià之zhī曲qǔ以yǐ奉fèng此cǐ役yì,犹yóu将jiāng不bù给gěi,况kuàng复fù有yǒu宫gōng庭tíng非fēi员yuán无wú录lù之zhī女nǚ。椒jiāo房fáng母mǔ后hòu之zhī家jiā,赏shǎng赐cì横héng与yǔ,内nèi外wài交jiāo引yǐn,其qí费fèi半bàn军jūn。昔xī汉hàn武wǔ帝dì掘jué地dì为wèi海hǎi,封fēng土tǔ为wèi山shān,赖lài是shì时shí天tiān下xià为wéi一yī,莫mò敢gǎn与yǔ争zhēng者zhě耳ěr。自zì衰shuāi乱luàn以yǐ来lái,四sì五wǔ十shí载zǎi,马mǎ不bú舍shè鞍ān,士shì不bú释shì甲jiǎ,强qiáng寇kòu在zài疆jiāng,图tú危wēi魏wèi室shì。陛bì下xià不bú战zhàn战zhàn业yè业yè,念niàn崇chóng节jié约yuē,而ér乃nǎi奢shē靡mí是shì务wù,中zhōng尚shàng方fāng作zuò玩wán弄nòng之zhī物wù,后hòu园yuán建jiàn承chéng露lù之zhī盘pán,斯sī诚chéng快kuài耳ěr目mù之zhī观guān,然rán亦yì足zú以yǐ骋chěng寇kòu雠chóu之zhī心xīn矣yǐ!惜xī乎hū,舍shè尧yáo、舜shùn之zhī节jié俭jiǎn而ér为wèi汉hàn武wǔ帝dì之zhī侈chǐ事shì,臣chén窃qiè为wèi陛bì下xià不bù取qǔ也yě。”帝dì不bù听tīng。
高gāo堂táng隆lóng疾jí笃dǔ,口kǒu占zhàn上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“曾céng子zǐ有yǒu言yán曰yuē:‘人rén之zhī将jiāng死sǐ,其qí言yán也yě善shàn。’臣chén寝qǐn疾jí有yǒu增zēng无wú损sǔn,常cháng恐kǒng奄yǎn忽hū,忠zhōng款kuǎn不bù昭zhāo,臣chén之zhī丹dān诚chéng,愿yuàn陛bì下xià少shǎo垂chuí省shěng览lǎn!臣chén观guān三sān代dài之zhī有yǒu天tiān下xià,圣shèng贤xián相xiāng承chéng,历lì数shǔ百bǎi载zǎi,尺chǐ土tǔ莫mò非fēi其qí有yǒu,一yì民mín莫mò非fēi其qí臣chén。然rán癸guǐ、辛xīn之zhī徒tú,纵zòng心xīn极jí欲yù,皇huáng天tiān震zhèn怒nù,宗zōng国guó为wèi墟xū,纣zhòu枭xiāo白bái旗qí,桀jié放fàng鸣míng条tiáo,天tiān子zǐ之zhī尊zūn,汤tāng、武wǔ有yǒu之zhī。岂qǐ伊yī异yì人rén?皆jiē明míng王wáng之zhī胄zhòu也yě。黄huáng初chū之zhī际jì,天tiān兆zhào其qí戒jiè,异yì类lèi之zhī鸟niǎo,育yù长cháng燕yàn巢cháo口kǒu爪zhuǎ胸xiōng赤chì,此cǐ魏wèi室shì之zhī大dà异yì也yě。宜yí防fáng鹰yīng扬yáng之zhī臣chén于yú萧xiāo墙qiáng之zhī内nèi。可kě选xuǎn诸zhū王wáng,使shǐ君jūn国guó典diǎn兵bīng,往wǎng往wǎng棋qí寺sì,镇zhèn抚fǔ皇huáng畿jī,翼yì亮liàng帝dì室shì。夫fū皇huáng天tiān无wú亲qīn,惟wéi德dé是shì辅fǔ。民mín咏yǒng德dé政zhèng,则zé延yán期qī过guò历lì;下xià有yǒu怨yuàn叹tàn,则zé辍chuò录lù授shòu能néng。由yóu此cǐ观guān之zhī,天tiān下xià乃nǎi天tiān下xià之zhī天tiān下xià,非fēi独dú陛bì下xià之zhī天tiān下xià也yě!”帝dì手shǒu诏zhào深shēn慰wèi劳láo之zhī。未wèi几jǐ而ér卒zú。
陈chén寿shòu评píng曰yuē:高gāo堂táng隆lóng学xué业yè修xiū明míng,志zhì存cún匡kuāng君jūn,因yīn变biàn陈chén戒jiè,发fā于yú恳kěn诚chéng,忠zhōng矣yǐ哉zāi!及jí至zhì必bì改gǎi正zhèng朔shuò,俾bǐ魏wèi祖zǔ虞yú,所suǒ谓wèi意yì过guò其qí通tōng者zhě欤yú!
帝dì深shēn疾jí浮fú华huá之zhī士shì,诏zhào吏lì部bù尚shàng书shū卢lú毓yù曰yuē:“选xuǎn举jǔ莫mò取qǔ有yǒu名míng,名míng如rú画huà地dì作zuò饼bǐng,不bù可kě啖dàn也yě。”毓yù对duì曰yuē:“名míng不bù足zú以yǐ致zhì异yì人rén而ér可kě以yǐ得dé常cháng士shì:常cháng士shì畏wèi教jiào慕mù善shàn,然rán后hòu有yǒu名míng,非fēi所suǒ当dāng疾jí也yě。愚yú臣chén既jì不bù足zú以yǐ识shí异yì人rén,又yòu主zhǔ者zhě正zhèng以yǐ循xún名míng案àn常cháng为wèi职zhí,但dàn当dāng有yǒu以yǐ验yàn其qí后hòu耳ěr。古gǔ者zhě敷fū奏zòu以yǐ言yán,明míng试shì以yǐ功gōng;今jīn考kǎo绩jì之zhī法fǎ废fèi,而ér以yǐ毁huǐ誉yù相xiāng进jìn退tuì,故gù真zhēn伪wěi浑hún杂zá,虚xū实shí相xiāng蒙méng。”帝dì纳nà其qí言yán。诏zhào散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì刘liú邵shào作zuò考kǎo课kè法fǎ。卲shào作zuò《都dōu官guān考kǎo课kè法fǎ》七qī十shí二èr条tiáo,又yòu作zuò《说shuō略lüè》一yì篇piān,诏zhào下xià百bǎi官guān议yì。
司sī隶lì校xiào尉wèi崔cuī林lín曰yuē:“案àn《周zhōu官guān》考kǎo课kè,其qí文wén备bèi矣yǐ。自zì康kāng王wáng以yǐ下xià,遂suì以yǐ陵líng夷yí,此cǐ即jí考kǎo课kè之zhī法fǎ存cún乎hū其qí人rén也yě。及jí汉hàn之zhī季jì,其qí失shī岂qǐ在zài乎hū佐zuǒ吏lì之zhī职zhí不bú密mì哉zāi!方fāng今jīn军jūn旅lǚ或huò猥wěi或huò卒zú,增zēng减jiǎn无wú常cháng,固gù难nán一yì矣yǐ。且qiě万wàn目mù不bù张zhāng,举jǔ其qí纲gāng,众zhòng毛máo不bù整zhěng,振zhèn其qí领lǐng,皋gāo陶táo仕shì虞yú,伊yī尹yǐn臣chén殷yīn,不bù仁rén者zhě远yuǎn。若ruò大dà臣chén能néng任rèn其qí职zhí,式shì是shì百bǎi辟pì,则zé孰shú敢gǎn不bú肃sù,乌wū在zài考kǎo课kè哉zāi!”黄huáng门mén侍shì郎láng杜dù恕shù曰yuē:“明míng试shì以yǐ功gōng,三sān考kǎo黜chù陟zhì,诚chéng帝dì王wáng之zhī盛shèng制zhì也yě。然rán历lì六liù代dài而ér考kǎo绩jì之zhī法fǎ不bú著zhù,关guān七qī圣shèng而ér课kè试shì之zhī文wén不bù垂chuí,臣chén诚chéng以yǐ为wéi其qí法fǎ可kě粗cū依yī,其qí详xiáng难nán备bèi举jǔ故gù也yě。语yǔ曰yuē‘世shì有yǒu乱luàn人rén而ér无wú乱luàn法fǎ’,若ruò使shǐ法fǎ可kě专zhuān任rèn,则zé唐táng、虞yú可kě不bù须xū稷jì、契qì之zhī佐zuǒ,殷yīn、周zhōu无wú贵guì伊yī、吕lǚ之zhī辅fǔ矣yǐ。今jīn奏zòu考kǎo功gōng者zhě,陈chén周zhōu、汉hàn之zhī云yún为wèi,缀zhuì京jīng房fáng之zhī本běn旨zhǐ,可kě谓wèi明míng考kǎo课kè之zhī要yào矣yǐ。于yú以yǐ崇chóng揖yī让ràng之zhī风fēng,兴xīng济jì济jì之zhī治zhì,臣chén以yǐ为wéi未wèi尽jìn善shàn也yě。其qí欲yù使shǐ州zhōu郡jùn考kǎo士shì,必bì由yóu四sì科kē,皆jiē有yǒu事shì效xiào,然rán后hòu察chá举jǔ,试shì辟pì公gōng府fǔ,为wèi新xīn民mín长cháng吏lì,转zhuǎn以yǐ功gōng次cì补bǔ郡jùn守shǒu者zhě,或huò就jiù增zēng秩zhì赐cì爵jué,此cǐ最zuì考kǎo课kè之zhī急jí务wù也yě。臣chén以yǐ为wèi便biàn当dāng显xiǎn其qí身shēn,用yòng其qí言yán,使shǐ具jù为wèi课kè州zhōu郡jùn之zhī法fǎ,法fǎ具jù施shī行xíng,立lì必bì信xìn之zhī赏shǎng,施shī必bì行xíng之zhī罚fá。至zhì于yú公gōng卿qīng及jí内nèi职zhí大dà臣chén,亦yì当dāng俱jù以yǐ其qí职zhí考kǎo课kè之zhī。古gǔ之zhī三sān公gōng,坐zuò而ér论lùn道dào;内nèi职zhí大dà臣chén,纳nà言yán补bǔ阙quē,无wú善shàn不bú纪jì,无wú过guò不bù举jǔ。且qiě天tiān下xià至zhì大dà,万wàn机jī至zhì众zhòng,诚chéng非fēi一yì明míng所suǒ能néng遍biàn照zhào;故gù君jūn为wèi元yuán首shǒu,臣chén作zuò股gǔ肱gōng,明míng其qí一yī体tǐ相xiāng须xū而ér成chéng也yě。是shì以yǐ古gǔ人rén称chēng廊láng庙miào之zhī材cái,非fēi一yí木mù之zhī枝zhī,帝dì王wáng之zhī业yè,非fēi一yí士shì之zhī略lüè。由yóu是shì言yán之zhī,焉yān有yǒu大dà臣chén守shǒu职zhí办bàn课kè,可kě以yǐ致zhì雍yōng熙xī者zhě哉zāi!诚chéng使shǐ容róng身shēn保bǎo位wèi,无wú放fàng退tuì之zhī辜gū,而ér尽jìn节jié在zài公gōng,抱bào见jiàn疑yí之zhī势shì,公gōng义yì不bù修xiū而ér私sī议yì成chéng欲yù,虽suī仲zhòng尼ní为wèi课kè,犹yóu不bù能néng尽jìn一yì才cái,又yòu况kuàng于yú世shì俗sú之zhī人rén乎hū!”司sī空kōng掾yuàn北běi地dì傅fù嘏gǔ曰yuē:“夫fū建jiàn官guān均jūn职zhí,清qīng理lǐ民mín物wù,所suǒ以yǐ立lì本běn也yě。循xún名míng考kǎo实shí,纠jiū励lì成chéng规guī,所suǒ以yǐ治zhì末mò也yě。本běn纲gāng未wèi举jǔ而ér造zào制zhì末mò程chéng,国guó略lüè不bù崇chóng而ér考kǎo课kè是shì先xiān,惧jù不bù足zú以yǐ料liào贤xián愚yú之zhī分fēn,精jīng幽yōu明míng之zhī理lǐ也yě。”议yì久jiǔ之zhī不bù决jué,事shì竟jìng不bù行xíng。
臣chén光guāng曰yuē:为wèi治zhì之zhī要yào,莫mò先xiān于yú用yòng人rén,而ér知zhī人rén之zhī道dào,圣shèng贤xián所suǒ难nán也yě。是shì故gù求qiú之zhī于yú毁huǐ誉yù,则zé爱ài憎zēng竞jìng进jìn而ér善shàn恶è浑hún殽yáo;考kǎo之zhī于yú功gōng状zhuàng,则zé巧qiǎo诈zhà横héng生shēng而ér真zhēn伪wěi相xiāng冒mào。要yào之zhī,其qí本běn在zài于yú至zhì公gōng至zhì明míng而ér已yǐ矣yǐ。为wèi人rén上shàng者zhě至zhì公gōng至zhì明míng,则zé群qún下xià之zhī能néng否fǒu焯chāo然rán形xíng于yú目mù中zhōng,无wú所suǒ复fù逃táo矣yǐ。苟gǒu为wèi不bù公gōng不bù明míng,则zé考kǎo课kè之zhī法fǎ,适shì足zú以yǐ为wèi曲qǔ私sī欺qī罔wǎng之zhī资zī也yě。何hé以yǐ言yán之zhī?公gōng明míng者zhě,心xīn也yě;功gōng状zhuàng者zhě,迹jì也yě。己jǐ之zhī心xīn不bù能néng治zhì,而ér以yǐ考kǎo人rén之zhī迹jì,不bú亦yì难nán乎hū!为wèi人rén上shàng者zhě,诚chéng能néng不bù以yǐ亲qīn疏shū贵guì贱jiàn异yì其qí心xīn,喜xǐ怒nù好hào恶wù乱luàn其qí志zhì,欲yù知zhī治zhì经jīng之zhī士shì,则zé视shì其qí记jì览lǎn博bó洽qià,讲jiǎng论lùn精jīng通tōng,斯sī为wèi善shàn治zhì经jīng矣yǐ;欲yù知zhī治zhì狱yù之zhī士shì,则zé视shì其qí曲qǔ尽jìn情qíng伪wěi,无wú所suǒ冤yuān抑yì,斯sī为wèi善shàn治zhì狱yù矣yǐ;欲yù知zhī治zhì财cái之zhī士shì,则zé视shì其qí仓cāng库kù盈yíng产chǎn,百bǎi姓xìng富fù给gěi,斯sī为wèi善shàn治zhì财cái矣yǐ;欲yù知zhī治zhì兵bīng之zhī士shì,则zé视shì其qí战zhàn胜shèng攻gōng取qǔ,敌dí人rén畏wèi服fú,斯sī为wèi善shàn治zhì兵bīng矣yǐ。至zhì于yú百bǎi官guān,莫mò不bù皆jiē然rán。虽suī询xún谋móu于yú人rén而ér决jué之zhī在zài己jǐ,虽suī考kǎo求qiú于yú迹jì而ér察chá之zhī在zài心xīn,研yán核hé其qí实shí而ér斟zhēn酌zhuó其qí宜yí,至zhì精jīng至zhì微wēi,不bù可kě以yǐ口kǒu述shù,不bù可kě以yǐ书shū传chuán也yě,安ān得dé豫yù为wèi之zhī法fǎ而ér悉xī委wěi有yǒu司sī哉zāi!或huò者zhě亲qīn贵guì虽suī不bù能néng而ér任rèn职zhí,疏shū贱jiàn虽suī贤xián才cái而ér见jiàn遗yí;所suǒ喜xǐ所suǒ好hǎo者zhě败bài官guān而ér不bú去qù,所suǒ怒nù所suǒ恶è者zhě有yǒu功gōng而ér不bú录lù,询xún谋móu于yú人rén,则zé毁huǐ誉yù相xiāng半bàn而ér不bù能néng决jué;考kǎo求qiú于yú迹jì,则zé文wén具jù实shí亡wáng而ér不bù能néng察chá。虽suī复fù为wèi之zhī善shàn法fǎ,繁fán其qí条tiáo目mù,谨jǐn其qí簿bó书shū,安ān能néng得dé其qí真zhēn哉zāi!
或huò曰yuē:人rén君jūn之zhī治zhì,大dà者zhě天tiān下xià,小xiǎo者zhě一yì国guó,内nèi外wài之zhī官guān以yǐ千qiān万wàn数shù,考kǎo察chá黜chù陟zhì,安ān得dé不bù委wěi有yǒu司sī而ér独dú任rèn其qí事shì哉zāi?曰yuē:非fēi谓wèi其qí然rán也yě。凡fán为wèi人rén上shàng者zhě,不bú特tè人rén君jūn而ér已yǐ。太tài守shǒu居jū一yí郡jùn之zhī上shàng,刺cì史shǐ居jū一yì州zhōu之zhī上shàng,九jiǔ卿qīng居jū属shǔ官guān之zhī上shàng,三sān公gōng居jū百bǎi执zhí事shì之zhī上shàng,皆jiē用yòng此cǐ道dào以yǐ考kǎo察chá黜chù陟zhì在zài下xià之zhī人rén,为wèi人rén君jūn者zhě亦yì用yòng此cǐ道dào以yǐ考kǎo察chá黜chù陟zhì公gōng卿qīng、刺cì史shǐ、太tài守shǒu,奚xī烦fán劳láo之zhī有yǒu哉zāi!或huò曰yuē:考kǎo绩jì之zhī法fǎ,唐táng、虞yú所suǒ为wèi,京jīng房fáng、刘liú邵shào述shù而ér修xiū之zhī耳ěr,乌wū可kě废fèi哉zāi?曰yuē:唐táng、虞yú之zhī官guān,其qí居jū位wèi也yě久jiǔ,其qí受shòu任rèn也yě专zhuān,其qí立lì法fǎ也yě宽kuān,其qí责zé成chéng也yě远yuǎn。是shì故gù鲧gǔn之zhī治zhì水shuǐ,九jiǔ载zǎi绩jì用yòng弗fú成chéng,然rán后hòu治zhì其qí罪zuì;禹yǔ之zhī治zhì水shuǐ,九jiǔ州zhōu攸yōu同tóng,四sì隩yù既jì宅zhái,然rán后hòu赏shǎng其qí功gōng;非fēi若ruò京jīng房fáng、刘liú卲shào之zhī法fǎ,校xiào其qí米mǐ盐yán之zhī课kè,责zé其qí旦dàn夕xī之zhī效xiào也yě。事shì固gù有yǒu名míng同tóng而ér实shí异yì者zhě,不bù可kě不bù察chá也yě。考kǎo绩jì非fēi可kě行xíng于yú唐táng、虞yú而ér不bù可kě行xíng于yú汉hàn、魏wèi,由yóu京jīng房fáng、刘liú卲shào不bù得dé其qí本běn而ér奔bēn趋qū其qí末mò故gù也yě。
初chū,右yòu仆pú射shè卫wèi臻zhēn典diǎn选xuǎn举jǔ,中zhōng护hù军jūn蒋jiǎng济jì遗yí臻zhēn书shū曰yuē:“汉hàn祖zǔ遇yù亡wáng虏lǔ为wèi上shàng将jiàng,周zhōu武wǔ拔bá渔yú父fù为wèi太tài师shī,布bù衣yī厮sī养yǎng,可kě登dēng王wáng公gōng,何hé必bì守shǒu文wén,试shì而ér后hòu用yòng!”臻zhēn曰yuē:“不bù然rán。子zǐ欲yù同tóng牧mù野yě于yú成chéng、康kāng,喻yù断duàn蛇shé于yú文wén、景jǐng,好hǎo不bù经jīng之zhī举jǔ,开kāi拔bá奇qí之zhī津jīn,将jiāng使shǐ天tiān下xià驰chí骋chěng而ér起qǐ矣yǐ!”卢lú毓yù论lùn人rén及jí选xuǎn举jǔ,皆jiē先xiān性xìng行xíng而ér后hòu言yán才cái,黄huáng门mén郎láng冯féng翊yì李lǐ丰fēng尝cháng以yǐ问wèn毓yù,毓yù曰yuē:“才cái所suǒ以yǐ为wéi善shàn也yě,故gù大dà才cái成chéng大dà善shàn,小xiǎo才cái成chéng小xiǎo善shàn。今jīn称chēng之zhī有yǒu才cái而ér不bù能néng为wèi善shàn,是shì才cái不bù中zhōng器qì也yě!”丰fēng服fú其qí言yán。
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